Glossary Website- Dictionary of Printmaking terms Chapter 7 Aquatint An etching technique in which a metal plate is colored with acid-resistant resin and heated, causing the resin to melt. Areas of the plate are then exposed by a needle, and the plate receives an acid bath before being printed. Burin A pointed cutting tool used by engravers. Drypoint A variation of engraving in which the surface of the matrix is cut with a needle to make rough edges. In printmaking, rough edges make soft rather than crisp lines. Engraving Cutting; in printmaking, an intaglio process in which plates of copper, zinc, or steel are cut with a burin and the ink image is pressed onto paper. Etching In printmaking, an intaglio process in which the matrix is first covered with an acid-resistant ground. The ground is removed from certain areas with a needle, and the matrix is dipped in acid, which eats away at the areas exposed by the needle. These areas become grooves that are inked and printed. Gauffrage An inkless intaglio process. Graver A cutting tool used by engravers and sculptors. A tool used in stone carving. Hatcher An engraving instrument that leaves a metal matrix printed. Incise To cut into with a sharp tool. Intaglio A printing process in which metal plates are incised, covered with ink, wiped, and pressed against paper. The print receives the image of the areas that are below the surface of the matrix. Lamination The process of building up by layers. Lift-ground etching An etching technique in which a sugar solution is brushed onto a resin-coated plate, creating the illusion of a brush and ink drawing. Lithography A surface printing process in which an image is drawn onto a matrix with a greasy wax crayon. The matrix is dampened, but the waxed areas repel water. The matrix is then inked, but the ink adheres only to the waxed areas. When the matrix is pressed against paper, the paper receives the image of the crayon. Matrix In printmaking, the working surface of the block, slab, or screen. In sculpture, a mold or hollow shape used to give form to a material that is inserted in a plastic or molten state. Mezzotint A nonlinear engraving process in which the matrix is pitted with a hatcher. Monotype In printmaking, a technique in which paint is brushed onto a matrix that is pressed against a sheet of paper, yielding a single print. Offset lithography A variation of lithography in which the image is hand-drawn by the artist on mylar. Photo silk-screen A variation of serigraphy (silk-screen) that allows the artist to create photographic images on a screen covered with a light-sensitive gel. Planographic printing Any method of printing from a flat surface, such as lithography. Print In printmaking, a picture or design made by pressing or hitting a surface with a plate, block, etc. In photography, a photograph, especially one made from a negative. Relief printing Any printmaking technique in which the printing matrix is carved with knives so that the areas not meant to be printed (that is, not meant to leave an image) are below the surface of the matrix. Serigraphy A printmaking process in which stencils are applied to a screen of silk or similar material stretched on a frame. Paint of ink is forced through the open areas of the stencil onto paper beneath. Also termed silk-screen printing. Silk-screen printing A printmaking process in which stencils are applied to a screen of silk or similar material stretched on a frame. Paint of ink is forced through the open areas of the stencil onto paper beneath. Also termed serigraphy. Soft-ground etching An etching technique in which a ground of softened wax yields effects similar to those of pencil or crayon drawings. Squeegee A T-shaped tool with a rubber blade used to remove liquid from a surface. Wood engraving A type of relief printing in which a hard, laminated, nondirectional wood surface is used as the matrix. Woodcut A type of relief printing in which the grain of a wooden matrix is carved with a knife.