Glossary Chapter 5 Binder A material that binds substances together. Cartoon Originally, a preparatory drawing made for a fresco, usually on paper and drawn to scale with the larger work. A drawing that caricatures or satirizes an event or person of topical interest. Chalk A form of soft limestone that is easily pulverized and can be used as a drawing implement. Charcoal A form of carbon produced by partially burning wood or other organic matter; it can be used as a drawing implement. ContŽ crayon A wax crayon with a hard texture. Crayon A small stick of colored wax, chalk, or charcoal. Drawing The art of running an implement that leaves a mark over a surface. A work of art created in this manner. Dry media Drawing materials that do not involve the application of water or other liquids. Contrast with fluid media. Fluid media Drawing materials that involve the application of water or other liquids. Contrast with dry media. Graphite A soft black form of carbon used as a drawing implement. From a Greek word meaning to write. Ground The surface on which a two-dimensional work of art is created; a coat of liquid material applied to a support that serves as a base for drawing or painting. Also, the background in a composition. See also figure and ground. Gum A sticky substance found in many plants, and used to bind pigments in art. Gum arabic A gum obtained from the African acacia plant. Linear Determined or characterized by the use of line. Monochromatic Literally, one-colored. Descriptive of images that are executed in a single color or with so little contrast of colors as to appear essentially uniform in hue. Nib The point of a pen; the split and sharpened end of a quill pen. Ocher A dark yellow color derived from an earthy clay. Papyrus A writing surface made from the papyrus plant. Pastel A drawing implement made by grinding up coloring matter, mixing it with gum, and forming it into a crayon. Pencil A rod-shaped drawing instrument with a center stick that is usually made of graphite. Pigment Coloring matter that is usually mixed with water, oil, or other substances in order to make paint. Quill A pen made from a large, stiff feather. Sanguine Blood-colored, ruddy; cheerful and confident. From the Latin word meaning blood. Silverpoint A drawing medium in which a silver-tipped instrument inscribes lines on a support that has been coated with a ground or pigment. Stylus A pointed, needlelike tool. Support A surface on which a two-dimensional work of art is made. Umber A kind of earth that has a yellowish or reddish-brown color. Wash A thin, watery film of paint—especially watercolor—that is applied with even, sweeping movements of the brush.